The Austrian pages are displaced persons camps of the occupation years, with one Soviet repatriation transit camp and one children's centre among them. They fall across the zones: American camps around Salzburg and Linz, French camps in Tyrol and Vorarlberg, British camps in Carinthia and Styria. The huts had been built for the Wehrmacht, for the Reich Labour Service, for prisoners of war in 1915 or for wartime resettlement schemes, and a compiled register records the team numbers, assembly centre letters and capacities behind them.12
Ukrainians arrived as forced labourers freed in 1945, as families who had come west with the retreating front, and as people moved on when camps were consolidated. Soviet repatriation missions worked here too: a Lower Austrian security report of 20 August 1945 records Ukrainian eastern workers leaving the collection point at the Brucker Lager, and the missions were still touring camps in 1949.34
Spittal Camp in Carinthia, open until 1962, and Hellbrunn Camp in Salzburg are the largest. Landeck Camp in Tyrol had a kindergarten, schools, a theatre and three newspapers of its own; Trofaiach Camp became an IRO emigration transit camp; Leoben Children’s Centre took young people separated from their families.567
The numbers here come from UNRRA and IRO population returns for particular dates, reproduced in Stebelsky's tables. They count the Ukrainians in a camp on the day of the return and not everyone who lived there, and the sharp fall between 1948 and 1950 measures the resettlement years rather than a closure.89
A wartime resettlement camp near Linz became a home for displaced people of many nationalities, among them Ukrainians. Church reporting, relief photographs, camp returns and the provincial files follow it from 1941 through the transit-camp years to its dissolution in 1964.
A permanent military training camp of 1867 became Soviet collection and transit point No. 198 in April 1945. A Lower Austrian security report of 20 August 1945 records the departure of Ukrainian Ostarbeiter from the camp.
Polish and Ukrainian refugees made a temporary home in the former Hellbrunn barracks in Salzburg, one of the centres of Polish life in postwar Austria. Camp photographs, population returns and a child’s recollections trace both community life and the long journey towards reunion.
Ukrainians formed a small national group in a refugee camp on Innsbruck’s western edge, in the French occupation zone. Its wooden huts, built for prisoners of war in 1915, went on sheltering families until about 1964.
A large, multinational camp in the Weißach district of Kufstein, in the French zone of Tyrol, which sheltered, fed and screened thousands of people and then sent them home or overseas. Ukrainians were one of several communities, and the second largest Ukrainian group in the whole French zone of Austria.
In the Austrian Alps, displaced Ukrainians rebuilt education, theatre and a lively camp press. Landeck combined the practical work of relief with a cultural life that continued beyond the camp.
Refugees made a community among the barracks beside the Salzach, in a camp built for the Wehrmacht and reused for several national groups. Ukrainians appear in the IRO returns for 1948 and 1950, and the camp was one of the stops on the Soviet repatriation mission’s circuit in 1949.
A children’s home in Austria’s British zone cared for young people separated from their families, including Ukrainian children, in a requisitioned parish building supplied from the camp at Trofaiach. Its records reveal daily care and difficult decisions about reunion and return.
A barracks camp built in the war for refugees from Ukraine, on the grounds of a closed missionary school at Liefering. Under the Americans it became one of the largest Ukrainian camps in Austria, with 976 Ukrainians counted in 1948; after they emigrated it served Salzburg as refugee and municipal housing until 1964.
A forced-labour compound in the Ursteinau at Puch became a refuge for four successive communities. Ukrainians appear in its wartime labour force, in its first postwar intake and among the eastern European refugees of its last years.
A large refugee community grew in the barracks of a wartime prisoner-of-war camp along today’s Lagerstraße, with schools, workshops, three chapels and a busy Slovenian press. Ukrainians lived among its many national groups as emigration and new housing gradually emptied the huts.
Hundreds of Ukrainians lived at St. Martin in Villach, the camp into which the town’s scattered barrack accommodation was gathered from 1946. Its story connects a bombed-out town, Ukrainian education, the paperwork of emigration and the slow move from barracks into permanent homes.